Cov pa roj carbon yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg cov haujlwm rau ib puag ncig. Lub tswv yim ntawm "cov pa roj carbon" yog los ntawm "cov pa roj ecological", feem ntau yog CO2 sib npaug (CO2eq), uas sawv cev rau tag nrho cov pa roj av uas tso tawm thaum tib neeg tsim khoom thiab siv.
Kev ntsuas pa roj carbon yog kev siv Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej (LCA) los ntsuas cov pa roj av uas tsim los ntawm ib yam khoom tshawb fawb ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha thaum lub sijhawm nws lub neej. Rau tib yam khoom, qhov nyuaj thiab qhov dav ntawm kev suav cov pa roj carbon yog ntau dua li cov pa roj carbon, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev suav suav muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov pa roj carbon.
Vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm huab cua thoob ntiaj teb thiab tej teeb meem ib puag ncig uas hnyav zuj zus tuaj, kev suav txog cov pa roj carbon dioxide tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog pab peb nkag siab meej txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg tej haujlwm rau ib puag ncig xwb, tab sis kuj muab lub hauv paus rau kev tshawb fawb los tsim cov tswv yim txo cov pa phem thiab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntsuab thiab qis carbon.
Tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm xyoob, txij li kev loj hlob thiab kev txhim kho, kev sau qoob loo, kev ua thiab kev tsim khoom, kev siv cov khoom mus rau kev pov tseg, yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm lub voj voog carbon, suav nrog cov ntoo xyoob uas nqus cov pa roj carbon, kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv cov khoom xyoob, thiab cov pa roj carbon tom qab pov tseg.
Daim ntawv tshawb fawb no sim los nthuav qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev cog ntoo xyoob hauv hav zoov thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam rau kev hloov pauv huab cua los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov pa roj carbon thiab kev paub txog cov ntawv cim carbon, nrog rau kev teeb tsa cov kev tshawb fawb txog cov khoom xyoob uas twb muaj lawm.
1. Kev suav txog cov pa roj carbon uas cuam tshuam rau cov pa roj carbon
① Lub Tswv Yim: Raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, cov pa roj carbon dioxide yog hais txog tag nrho cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab lwm cov pa roj uas tso tawm thaum tib neeg ua haujlwm lossis tso tawm thoob plaws hauv lub neej ntawm cov khoom / kev pabcuam.
Daim ntawv lo rau carbon "yog ib qho kev qhia txog" cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom ", uas yog daim ntawv lo digital uas cim tag nrho cov pa roj av uas ua rau lub neej ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khib nyiab rov ua dua tshiab, muab cov ntaub ntawv rau cov neeg siv txog cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv lo.
Kev ntsuam xyuas lub neej voj voog (LCA) yog ib txoj kev ntsuam xyuas kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig tshiab uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws sab hnub poob hauv xyoo tas los no thiab tseem nyob rau theem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho tas mus li. Tus qauv yooj yim rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov pa roj carbon dioxide ntawm cov khoom yog txoj kev LCA, uas suav tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws los txhim kho qhov kev ntseeg siab thiab kev yooj yim ntawm kev suav cov pa roj carbon dioxide.
LCA xub txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas qhov kev siv zog thiab cov khoom siv, nrog rau cov khoom tso tawm ib puag ncig thoob plaws hauv lub neej voj voog, tom qab ntawd ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv thiab cov khoom tso tawm no rau ib puag ncig, thiab thaum kawg txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas cov cib fim los txo cov kev cuam tshuam no. Tus qauv ISO 14040, uas tau muab tawm xyoo 2006, faib "cov kauj ruam ntsuas lub neej voj voog" ua plaub theem: kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab qhov dav, kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom muag, kev ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam, thiab kev txhais lus.
② Cov Qauv thiab Cov Txheej Txheem:
Tam sim no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los xam cov pa roj carbon dioxide.
Hauv Suav teb, cov txheej txheem suav nyiaj tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg raws li qhov chaw teeb tsa ciam teb thiab cov qauv qauv: Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej Raws Li Txheej Txheem (PLCA), Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej Tawm (I-OLCA), thiab Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej Sib Xyaws (HLCA). Tam sim no, tsis muaj cov qauv hauv tebchaws rau kev suav cov pa roj carbon hauv Suav teb.
Thoob ntiaj teb, muaj peb tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb tseem ceeb ntawm theem khoom: "PAS 2050: 2011 Specification for the Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions during the Product and Service Life Cycle" (BSI., 2011), "GHGP Protocol" (WRI, WBCSD, 2011), thiab "ISO 14067: 2018 Greenhouse Gases - Product Carbon Footprint - Quantitative Requirements and Guidelines" (ISO, 2018).
Raws li lub tswv yim ntawm lub neej voj voog, PAS2050 thiab ISO14067 yog cov qauv tsim los rau kev soj ntsuam cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrog cov txheej txheem suav tshwj xeeb uas muaj rau pej xeem, ob qho tib si suav nrog ob txoj kev soj ntsuam: Lag Luam rau Cov Neeg Siv Khoom (B2C) thiab Lag Luam rau Lag Luam (B2B).
Cov ntsiab lus ntsuam xyuas ntawm B2C suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua tiav, kev faib khoom thiab kev muag khoom, kev siv rau cov neeg siv khoom, kev pov tseg zaum kawg lossis kev siv dua tshiab, uas yog, "txij li thaum tseem yau mus txog thaum laus". Cov ntsiab lus ntsuam xyuas B2B suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua tiav, thiab kev thauj mus rau cov tub lag luam hauv qab, uas yog, "txij li thaum tseem yau mus txog thaum laus".
Cov txheej txheem pov thawj pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom lag luam PAS2050 muaj peb theem: theem pib, theem xam pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov kauj ruam tom ntej. Cov txheej txheem suav pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom lag luam ISO14067 suav nrog tsib kauj ruam: txhais cov khoom lag luam lub hom phiaj, txiav txim siab txog ciam teb ntawm lub kaw lus suav nyiaj, txhais lub sijhawm suav nyiaj, txheeb xyuas cov chaw tso pa tawm hauv ciam teb ntawm lub kaw lus, thiab xam pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
③ Lub ntsiab lus
Los ntawm kev suav cov pa roj carbon dioxide, peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov chaw thiab thaj chaw uas muaj pa phem ntau, thiab ua cov kauj ruam los txo cov pa phem. Kev suav cov pa roj carbon dioxide kuj tseem tuaj yeem coj peb los tsim cov qauv kev ua neej thiab kev noj haus uas muaj pa phem tsawg.
Kev sau npe rau cov pa roj carbon yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los qhia txog cov pa roj av uas ua rau huab cua sov hauv ib puag ncig lossis lub neej ntawm cov khoom, thiab yog lub qhov rais rau cov tub ua lag luam, cov koom haum tswj hwm tsoomfwv, thiab cov pej xeem kom nkag siab txog cov pa roj av uas ua rau huab cua sov ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Kev sau npe rau cov pa roj carbon, ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los qhia cov ntaub ntawv txog cov pa roj carbon, tau txais kev lees paub dav los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws.
Kev sau cov pa roj carbon rau cov khoom ua liaj ua teb yog qhov kev siv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sau cov pa roj carbon rau cov khoom ua liaj ua teb. Piv rau lwm hom khoom, kev qhia txog cov pa roj carbon rau cov khoom ua liaj ua teb yog qhov ceev dua. Ua ntej, kev ua liaj ua teb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj av thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa roj av uas tsis yog carbon dioxide. Qhov thib ob, piv rau kev lag luam, kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv sau cov pa roj carbon hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ua liaj ua teb tseem tsis tau tiav, uas txwv tsis pub muaj kev nplua nuj ntawm cov xwm txheej thov. Qhov thib peb, cov neeg siv khoom pom tias nws nyuaj rau tau txais cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov pab pawg neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb txaus siab them rau cov khoom qis carbon, thiab kev sau cov pa roj carbon tuaj yeem them rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom, pab txhim kho kev ua lag luam zoo.
2, Xyoob kev lag luam saw
① Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam xyoob
Cov saw hlau ua cov xyoob hauv Suav teb tau muab faib ua cov ntws los ntawm saum toj, nruab nrab, thiab ntws los ntawm qab. Cov ntws los ntawm saum toj yog cov khoom siv raw thiab cov kua txiv ntawm ntau qhov ntawm xyoob, suav nrog nplooj xyoob, paj xyoob, xyoob tua, xyoob fibers, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntws los ntawm nruab nrab suav nrog ntau txhiab hom hauv ntau qhov chaw xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev xyoob, cov khoom xyoob, xyoob tua thiab zaub mov, xyoob pulp ua ntawv, thiab lwm yam; Cov kev siv hauv qab ntawm cov khoom xyoob suav nrog kev ua ntawv, kev ua rooj tog, cov khoom siv kho mob, thiab kev ncig xyuas kab lis kev cai xyoob, thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom siv xyoob yog lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam xyoob. Raws li lawv siv, xyoob tuaj yeem muab faib ua xyoob rau ntoo, xyoob rau cov xyoob tua, xyoob rau cov pulp, thiab xyoob rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj vaj. Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv xyoob hav zoov, qhov feem pua ntawm cov ntoo xyoob hav zoov yog 36%, ua raws li xyoob tua thiab ntoo siv ob chav xyoob hav zoov, ecological pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv xyoob hav zoov, thiab pulp xyoob hav zoov, suav txog 24%, 19%, thiab 14% feem. Cov xyoob tua thiab hav zoov xyoob zoo nkauj muaj feem pua me me. Tuam Tshoj muaj cov khoom siv xyoob ntau, nrog 837 hom thiab cov zis txhua xyoo ntawm 150 lab tons ntawm xyoob.
Xyoob yog hom xyoob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas muaj nyob rau hauv Suav teb. Tam sim no, xyoob yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov khoom siv xyoob, kev lag luam xyoob tshiab, thiab cov khoom ua xyoob hauv Suav teb. Yav tom ntej, xyoob tseem yuav yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev cog qoob loo xyoob hauv Suav teb. Tam sim no, kaum hom khoom siv xyoob tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb suav nrog cov laug cam cuav xyoob, cov plag tsev xyoob, cov ceg xyoob, cov ntawv ua los ntawm xyoob, cov khoom siv xyoob fiber, cov rooj tog xyoob, cov khoom siv tes ua txhua hnub thiab cov khoom siv tes ua los ntawm xyoob, cov thee xyoob thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo xyoob, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab dej haus los ntawm xyoob, cov khoom lag luam hauv hav zoov xyoob, thiab kev ncig tebchaws thiab kev kho mob xyoob. Ntawm lawv, cov laug cam cuav xyoob thiab cov khoom siv engineering yog cov hauv paus ntawm kev lag luam xyoob hauv Suav teb.
Yuav ua li cas los txhim kho txoj kev lag luam xyoob raws li lub hom phiaj carbon ob npaug
Lub hom phiaj "ob chav carbon" txhais tau hais tias Tuam Tshoj siv zog ua kom tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm carbon ua ntej xyoo 2030 thiab carbon neutrality ua ntej xyoo 2060. Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj tau nce nws cov kev xav tau rau cov pa roj carbon hauv ntau yam lag luam thiab tshawb nrhiav cov lag luam ntsuab, qis carbon, thiab kev lag luam zoo. Ntxiv rau nws cov txiaj ntsig ecological, kev lag luam xyoob kuj tseem yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav nws lub peev xwm ua lub pas dej carbon thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam carbon.
(1) Hav zoov xyoob muaj ntau yam khoom siv carbon sink:
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no hauv Suav teb, thaj chaw ntawm cov hav zoov xyoob tau nce ntxiv ntau heev hauv 50 xyoo dhau los. Los ntawm 2.4539 lab hectares hauv xyoo 1950 thiab 1960s mus rau 4.8426 lab hectares thaum ntxov xyoo pua 21st (tsis suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Taiwan), kev nce txhua xyoo ntawm 97.34%. Thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov hav zoov xyoob hauv thaj chaw hav zoov hauv tebchaws tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 2.87% mus rau 2.96%. Cov peev txheej hav zoov xyoob tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov peev txheej hav zoov. Raws li 6th National Forest Resource Inventory, ntawm 4.8426 lab hectares ntawm cov hav zoov xyoob hauv Suav teb, muaj 3.372 lab hectares ntawm xyoob, nrog ze li ntawm 7.5 billion tsob nroj, suav txog li 70% ntawm lub tebchaws thaj chaw hav zoov xyoob.
(2) Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tsiaj txhu hauv hav zoov xyoob:
① Xyoob muaj lub voj voog luv luv, kev loj hlob sai heev, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob rov ua dua tshiab thiab kev sau qoob loo txhua xyoo. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev siv thiab tsis muaj teeb meem xws li kev yaig av tom qab kev txiav ntoo tiav thiab kev puas tsuaj av tom qab cog tas mus li. Nws muaj peev xwm zoo rau kev khaws cov pa roj carbon. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias cov pa roj carbon ruaj khov txhua xyoo hauv cov ntoo txheej ntawm hav zoov xyoob yog 5.097t / hm2 (tsis suav nrog kev tsim cov khib nyiab txhua xyoo), uas yog 1.46 npaug ntawm cov ntoo fir Suav uas loj hlob sai.
② Cov hav zoov xyoob muaj cov xwm txheej kev loj hlob yooj yim, cov qauv kev loj hlob sib txawv, kev faib tawm sib cais, thiab thaj chaw sib txawv tas mus li. Lawv muaj thaj chaw faib tawm loj thiab ntau yam, feem ntau faib tawm hauv 17 lub xeev thiab nroog, tsom mus rau Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, thiab Zhejiang. Lawv tuaj yeem sib raug zoo rau kev loj hlob sai thiab loj hauv thaj chaw sib txawv, tsim cov qauv sib txawv thiab sib ze ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab cov pa roj carbon sib txuas.
(3) Cov xwm txheej rau kev lag luam carbon sequestration ntawm hav zoov xyoob yog qhov paub tab:
① Kev lag luam rov ua dua tshiab ntawm xyoob yog qhov tiav lawm
Kev lag luam xyoob npog thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam thawj, theem ob, thiab theem peb, nrog nws cov txiaj ntsig tsim tawm nce ntxiv los ntawm 82 billion yuan hauv xyoo 2010 mus rau 415.3 billion yuan hauv xyoo 2022, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntau dua 30%. Nws xav tias los ntawm xyoo 2035, tus nqi tsim tawm ntawm kev lag luam xyoob yuav tshaj 1 trillion yuan. Tam sim no, tus qauv tshiab ntawm kev lag luam xyoob tau ua tiav hauv Anji County, Zhejiang Province, Suav teb, tsom mus rau txoj kev dav dav ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide los ntawm xwm thiab kev lag luam mus rau kev sib koom ua ke.
② Kev txhawb nqa txoj cai cuam tshuam
Tom qab tau hais txog lub hom phiaj ob chav carbon, Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm ntau txoj cai thiab kev xav los coj tag nrho kev lag luam hauv kev tswj hwm carbon neutrality. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 11, 2021, kaum lub chaw haujlwm suav nrog Lub Xeev Forestry thiab Grassland Administration, National Development and Reform Commission, thiab Ministry of Science and Technology tau tshaj tawm "Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Kaum Lub Chaw Haujlwm ntawm Kev Ua Kom Ceev Kev Txhim Kho Tshiab ntawm Kev Lag Luam Xyoob". Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2, 2023, National Development and Reform Commission thiab lwm lub chaw haujlwm tau koom ua ke tshaj tawm "Peb Xyoos Txoj Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm kom Ceev Kev Txhim Kho 'Hloov Yas nrog Xyoob'". Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus pom zoo txog kev txhawb nqa kev txhim kho kev lag luam xyoob tau muab tso rau hauv lwm lub xeev xws li Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv kev koom ua ke thiab kev koom tes ntawm ntau txoj siv sia, cov qauv kev lag luam tshiab ntawm cov ntawv cim carbon thiab cov pa roj carbon tau raug qhia.
3. Yuav ua li cas xam cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov saw hlau ua lag luam xyoob?
① Kev tshawb fawb txog kev nce qib ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom xyoob
Tam sim no, muaj kev tshawb fawb me ntsis txog cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom xyoob hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li kev tshawb fawb uas twb muaj lawm, qhov kawg ntawm kev hloov pauv carbon thiab lub peev xwm khaws cia ntawm xyoob sib txawv raws li ntau txoj kev siv xws li kev nthuav tawm, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab kev sib koom ua ke, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam sib txawv rau qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom xyoob.
② Cov txheej txheem carbon cycle ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws lawv lub neej tag nrho
Tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm cov khoom xyoob, txij li kev loj hlob thiab kev txhim kho ntawm xyoob (photosynthesis), kev cog qoob loo thiab kev tswj hwm, kev sau qoob loo, kev khaws cia cov khoom siv raw, kev ua cov khoom thiab kev siv, mus rau kev lwj (kev lwj), tau ua tiav. Lub voj voog carbon ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws lawv lub voj voog suav nrog tsib theem tseem ceeb: kev cog xyoob (kev cog, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm), kev tsim cov khoom siv raw (kev sau, kev thauj mus los, thiab kev khaws cia ntawm xyoob lossis xyoob tua), kev ua cov khoom thiab kev siv (ntau yam txheej txheem thaum lub sijhawm ua), kev muag khoom, kev siv, thiab kev pov tseg (kev lwj), uas muaj kev kho cov pa roj carbon, kev sib sau ua ke, kev khaws cia, kev sib cais, thiab kev tso pa roj carbon ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha hauv txhua theem (saib Daim Duab 3).
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cog cov hav zoov xyoob tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog qhov txuas ntawm "kev sib sau ua ke thiab khaws cia cov pa roj carbon", uas cuam tshuam txog kev tso pa roj carbon ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha los ntawm kev cog qoob loo, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Kev tsim cov khoom siv raw yog qhov txuas carbon txuas cov lag luam hav zoov thiab cov lag luam ua cov khoom xyoob, thiab kuj suav nrog cov pa roj carbon ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha thaum lub sijhawm sau qoob loo, kev ua thawj zaug, kev thauj mus los, thiab kev khaws cia ntawm xyoob lossis xyoob tua.
Kev ua cov khoom lag luam thiab kev siv yog cov txheej txheem cais cov pa roj carbon, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev kho cov pa roj carbon mus sij hawm ntev hauv cov khoom lag luam, nrog rau cov pa roj carbon ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem xws li kev ua cov khoom siv, kev ua cov khoom lag luam, thiab kev siv cov khoom lag luam.
Tom qab cov khoom nkag mus rau theem siv rau cov neeg siv khoom, cov pa roj carbon tau kho tag nrho hauv cov khoom xyoob xws li rooj tog, tsev, cov khoom siv niaj hnub, cov khoom ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Thaum lub neej ua haujlwm nce ntxiv, kev coj ua ntawm kev rho tawm cov pa roj carbon yuav raug ncua mus txog thaum nws raug pov tseg, lwj thiab tso CO2, thiab rov qab mus rau huab cua.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Zhou Pengfei et al. (2014), cov laug cam txiav xyoob hauv qab hom kev nthuav dav ntawm xyoob tau raug coj los ua qhov khoom tshawb fawb, thiab "Kev Ntsuas Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Tso Pa roj av ntawm Cov Khoom thiab Cov Kev Pabcuam hauv Lub Neej Lub Neej" (PAS 2050: 2008) tau raug saws los ua tus qauv ntsuas. Xaiv txoj kev ntsuas B2B los ntsuas tag nrho cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab cov pa roj carbon cia ntawm txhua txoj kev tsim khoom, suav nrog kev thauj khoom siv raw, kev ua khoom, kev ntim khoom, thiab kev khaws cia (saib Daim Duab 4). PAS2050 hais tias kev ntsuas cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev thauj khoom siv raw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv theem pib ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab kev hloov pauv carbon los ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim khoom mus rau kev faib tawm (B2B) ntawm cov laug cam txiav xyoob txawb yuav tsum tau ntsuas kom raug kom txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm cov pa roj carbon.
Lub moj khaum rau kev ntsuas cov pa roj carbon ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws lawv lub neej tag nrho
Kev sau thiab ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim rau txhua theem ntawm lub neej ntawm cov khoom xyoob yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas lub neej. Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim suav nrog kev nyob hauv av, kev siv dej, kev siv hluav taws xob sib txawv (thee, roj, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam), kev siv ntau yam khoom siv raw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab lub zog. Ua qhov kev ntsuas carbon footprint ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws lawv lub neej los ntawm kev sau thiab ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv.
(1) theem cog qoob loo xyoob hav zoov
Kev nqus thiab khaws cov pa roj carbon: kev tawg paj, kev loj hlob thiab kev txhim kho, tus naj npawb ntawm cov xyoob tshiab;
Kev khaws cia cov pa roj carbon: cov qauv ntoo hav zoov, qib sawv ntsug ntawm xyoob, cov qauv hnub nyoog, biomass ntawm ntau yam kabmob; Biomass ntawm cov khib nyiab txheej; Cov av organic carbon cia;
Cov pa roj carbon: kev khaws cia cov pa roj carbon, lub sijhawm lwj, thiab kev tso tawm cov khib nyiab; Cov pa roj carbon ua pa hauv av; Cov pa roj carbon uas tsim los ntawm kev siv zog sab nraud thiab kev siv khoom siv xws li kev ua haujlwm, fais fab, dej thiab chiv rau kev cog qoob loo, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev ua lag luam.
(2) Cov khoom siv raw khoom tsim tawm
Kev hloov pauv carbon: qhov ntim ntawm kev sau qoob loo lossis qhov ntim ntawm cov xyoob ntoo thiab lawv cov biomass;
Cov pa roj carbon rov qab los: cov seem los ntawm kev txiav ntoo lossis cov xyoob ntoo, cov seem ua tiav thawj zaug, thiab lawv cov biomass;
Cov pa roj carbon: Cov pa roj carbon uas tsim los ntawm lub zog sab nraud thiab kev siv khoom siv, xws li kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog, thaum lub sijhawm sau, kev ua thawj zaug, kev thauj mus los, kev khaws cia, thiab kev siv cov xyoob lossis cov xyoob tua.
(3) Cov khoom ua tiav thiab siv theem
Kev rho tawm cov pa roj carbon: biomass ntawm cov khoom xyoob thiab cov khoom lag luam;
Kev rov qab los yog kev khaws cia cov pa roj carbon: kev ua cov khoom seem thiab lawv cov biomass;
Cov pa roj carbon: Cov pa roj carbon uas tsim los ntawm kev siv zog sab nraud xws li kev ua haujlwm, lub zog fais fab, cov khoom siv, thiab kev siv khoom thaum lub sijhawm ua cov khoom siv, kev ua cov khoom lag luam, thiab kev siv cov khoom seem.
(4) Kev muag khoom thiab kev siv theem
Kev rho tawm cov pa roj carbon: biomass ntawm cov khoom xyoob thiab cov khoom lag luam;
Cov pa roj carbon: Cov pa roj carbon uas tsim los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud xws li kev thauj mus los thiab kev ua haujlwm los ntawm cov tuam txhab mus rau kev muag khoom.
(5) Theem pov tseg
Kev Tso Tawm Carbon: Kev Khaws Cov Khoom Pov Tseg Carbon; Lub sijhawm lwj thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov pa tawm.
Tsis zoo li lwm yam kev lag luam hauv hav zoov, cov hav zoov xyoob ua tiav kev rov ua dua tshiab tom qab kev txiav ntoo thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, tsis tas yuav rov cog ntoo dua. Kev loj hlob ntawm hav zoov xyoob yog nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm kev loj hlob thiab tuaj yeem nqus cov pa roj carbon ruaj khov, sau thiab khaws cov pa roj carbon, thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov pa roj carbon sequestration. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv xyoob siv hauv cov khoom xyoob tsis loj, thiab kev rho tawm cov pa roj carbon mus sij hawm ntev tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov khoom xyoob.
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev ntsuas lub voj voog carbon ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws lawv lub neej tag nrho. Vim yog lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov pa roj carbon thaum lub sijhawm muag, siv, thiab pov tseg ntawm cov khoom xyoob, lawv cov pa roj carbon nyuaj rau ntsuas. Hauv kev xyaum, kev ntsuas pa roj carbon feem ntau tsom mus rau ob theem: ib qho yog kwv yees cov pa roj carbon khaws cia thiab cov pa phem hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khoom; Qhov thib ob yog los ntsuas cov khoom xyoob los ntawm kev cog mus rau kev tsim khoom.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-17-2024
