Carbon Footprint yog qhov taw qhia uas ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no ntawm ib puag ncig. Lub tswv yim ntawm "cov pa roj carbon hneev taw" yog los ntawm "ecological hneev taw", feem ntau qhia tias yog CO2 sib npaug (CO2eq), uas sawv cev rau tag nrho cov pa roj carbon monoxide emissions tawm thaum tib neeg tsim khoom thiab noj cov haujlwm.
Cov pa roj carbon hneev taw yog kev siv lub voj voog Kev Ntsuas Lub Neej (LCA) los ntsuas cov pa roj carbon monoxide emissions ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha los ntawm cov khoom tshawb fawb thaum lub sijhawm nws lub neej. Rau tib lub hom phiaj, qhov nyuaj thiab cov peev txheej ntawm carbon footprint accounting yog ntau dua li cov pa roj carbon emissions, thiab cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog carbon emissions.
Nrog rau qhov hnyav zuj zus ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua thoob ntiaj teb thiab teeb meem ib puag ncig, carbon footprint accounting tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Nws tsis tuaj yeem pab peb nkag siab ntau ntxiv txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no ntawm ib puag ncig, tab sis kuj tseem muab cov hauv paus kev tshawb fawb rau kev tsim cov tswv yim txo qis thiab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntsuab thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg.
Tag nrho lub neej voj voog ntawm xyoob, los ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, kev sau qoob, kev ua thiab kev tsim khoom, kev siv cov khoom pov tseg, yog cov txheej txheem tag nrho ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, suav nrog xyoob hav zoov carbon dab dej, xyoob cov khoom tsim thiab siv, thiab cov pa roj carbon hneev taw tom qab pov tseg.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb no sim nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ecological xyoob hav zoov cog thiab kev tsim kho kev lag luam rau kev hloov pauv huab cua los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov pa roj carbon hneev taw thiab cov ntawv cim kev paub, nrog rau lub koom haum ntawm cov khoom xyoob uas twb muaj lawm carbon footprint tshawb fawb.
1. Carbon footprint accounting
① Lub tswv yim: Raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, carbon footprint hais txog tag nrho cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab lwm cov pa roj carbon monoxide tso tawm thaum tib neeg kev ua ub ua no los yog tsub zuj zuj mus rau tag nrho lub neej ntawm cov khoom / kev pabcuam.
Carbon daim ntawv lo "yog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm" cov khoom carbon footprint ", uas yog daim ntawv lo digital uas cim tag nrho lub neej voj voog tsev cog khoom roj emissions ntawm cov khoom los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv mus pov tseg, muab cov neeg siv nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom cov pa roj carbon emissions nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug daim ntawv lo.
Kev ntsuas lub neej (LCA) yog ib txoj kev ntsuas kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig tshiab uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv Western lub tebchaws nyob rau xyoo tas los no thiab tseem nyob rau theem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua. Tus qauv yooj yim rau kev ntsuas cov khoom siv roj carbon hneev taw yog LCA txoj kev, uas yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws los txhim kho qhov kev ntseeg siab thiab yooj yim ntawm kev suav cov pa roj carbon hneev taw.
LCA thawj zaug txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas qhov kev siv ntawm lub zog thiab cov khoom siv, nrog rau kev tso tawm ib puag ncig thoob plaws hauv lub neej tag nrho, tom qab ntawd ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj thiab tso tawm ntawm ib puag ncig, thiab thaum kawg txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas cov hauv kev los txo cov kev cuam tshuam no. ISO 14040 tus qauv, tau tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 2006, faib "cov kauj ruam kev ntsuas lub neej" ua plaub theem: kev txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj thiab qhov dav, kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom muag, kev ntsuas cuam tshuam, thiab kev txhais lus.
② Cov Qauv thiab Cov Txheej Txheem:
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los xam cov pa roj carbon hneev taw tam sim no.
Hauv Suav teb, cov txheej txheem kev suav nyiaj tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg raws li qhov chaw ciam teb thiab cov qauv hauv qab no: Txheej txheem raws li Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Lub Neej (PLCA), Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Neej Kev Ntsuas (I-OLCA), thiab Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment (HLCA). Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv rau cov pa roj carbon footprint accounting hauv Suav teb.
Thoob ntiaj teb, muaj peb lub ntsiab lus thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom lag luam: "PAS 2050: 2011 Specification for the Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions during the Product and Service Life Cycle" (BSI., 2011), "GHGP Protocol" (WRI, WBCSD, 2011), thiab "ISO 14067: 2018 Tsev cog khoom Gases - Khoom Carbon Footprint - Quantitative Requirements and Guidelines" (ISO, 2018).
Raws li lub neej txoj kev xav, PAS2050 thiab ISO14067 yog tam sim no tsim qauv rau kev soj ntsuam cov khoom carbon hneev taw nrog rau pej xeem muaj kev suav cov txheej txheem, ob qho tib si suav nrog ob txoj kev ntsuam xyuas: Kev Lag Luam rau Cov Neeg Siv Khoom (B2C) thiab Kev Lag Luam rau Kev Lag Luam (B2B).
Kev ntsuam xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm B2C suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm, kev faib khoom thiab kev muag khoom, kev siv cov neeg siv khoom, kev pov tseg zaum kawg lossis rov ua dua tshiab, uas yog, "los ntawm lub txaj mus rau qhov ntxa". B2B kev soj ntsuam cov ntsiab lus suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev thauj mus los rau cov tub lag luam hauv qab, uas yog, "los ntawm lub txaj rau lub rooj vag".
Cov txheej txheem PAS2050 cov khoom pov thawj cov pa roj carbon hneev taw muaj peb theem: theem pib, cov khoom lag luam carbon hneev taw suav cov theem, thiab cov kauj ruam tom ntej. ISO 14067 cov khoom lag luam carbon hneev taw cov txheej txheem suav nrog tsib kauj ruam: txhais cov khoom lag luam, txiav txim siab txog tus ciam teb ntawm cov khoom lag luam, txiav txim siab lub sijhawm ntawm tus ciam teb, txheeb tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv thaj tsam kab ke, thiab suav cov khoom carbon footprint.
③ Lub ntsiab lus
Los ntawm kev suav nyiaj rau cov pa roj carbon hneev taw, peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov emissions siab thiab thaj chaw, thiab siv cov kev ntsuas coj los txo qis emissions. Kev suav cov pa roj carbon hneev taw tuaj yeem coj peb los tsim cov pa roj carbon tsawg thiab cov qauv siv.
Carbon labeling yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom hauv ib puag ncig tsim khoom lossis lub neej voj voog ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau lub qhov rais rau cov tub ua lag luam, tsoomfwv cov koom haum tswj hwm, thiab cov pej xeem kom nkag siab txog cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Carbon labeling, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv carbon, tau txais kev lees paub los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws.
Agricultural khoom carbon labeling yog daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb ntawm carbon labeling rau cov khoom ua liaj ua teb. Piv nrog rau lwm yam khoom, kev qhia txog cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv cov khoom ua liaj ua teb yog qhov ceev tshaj. Ua ntej, kev ua liaj ua teb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide emissions thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide emissions tsev cog khoom. Qhov thib ob, piv rau kev lag luam sector, kev nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntawv sau cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv cov txheej txheem kev ua liaj ua teb tseem tsis tau tiav, uas txwv kev nplua nuj ntawm daim ntawv thov scenarios. Thirdly, cov neeg siv khoom pom nws nyuaj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov neeg siv khoom kawg. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb txaus siab them rau cov khoom siv roj carbon tsawg, thiab cov ntawv sau cov pa roj carbon monoxide tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau cov ntaub ntawv asymmetry ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom, pab txhim kho kev ua lag luam.
2 、 Xyoob kev lag luam saw
① Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm xyoob kev lag luam saw
Kev lag luam xyoob ua cov saw hlau hauv Suav teb tau muab faib ua cov dej ntws, nruab nrab, thiab qis qis. Upstream yog cov khoom siv raw thiab kev rho tawm ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm xyoob, nrog rau xyoob nplooj, xyoob paj, xyoob ntoo, xyoob fibers, thiab lwm yam. Lub midstream muaj ntau txhiab ntau yam nyob rau hauv ntau yam xws li xyoob tsev cov ntaub ntawv, xyoob khoom, xyoob tua thiab zaub mov, xyoob pulp papermaking, thiab lwm yam; Kev siv hauv qab ntawm cov khoom xyoob muaj xws li papermaking, ua rooj tog, khoom siv tshuaj, thiab xyoob kab lis kev cai tourism, thiab lwm yam.
Cov peev txheej xyoob yog lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho xyoob kev lag luam. Raws li lawv txoj kev siv, xyoob tuaj yeem muab faib ua xyoob rau ntoo, xyoob rau xyoob ntoo, xyoob rau cov ntaub, thiab xyoob rau vaj kho kom zoo nkauj. Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm xyoob hav zoov cov peev txheej, qhov feem pua ntawm cov ntoo xyoob hav zoov yog 36%, ua raws li xyoob ntoo thiab cov ntoo ob siv xyoob hav zoov, ecological pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv xyoob hav zoov, thiab cov paj xyoob hav zoov, suav txog 24%, 19%, thiab 14% raws. Bamboo tua thiab scenic xyoob hav zoov muaj feem me me. Tuam Tshoj muaj ntau cov khoom siv xyoob, nrog 837 hom thiab txhua xyoo cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm 150 lab tons ntawm xyoob.
Xyoob yog hom xyoob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau Suav teb. Tam sim no, xyoob yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau xyoob engineering cov ntaub ntawv ua lag luam, xyoob ntoo tshiab, thiab xyoob tua ua cov khoom lag luam hauv Suav teb. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, xyoob yuav tseem yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev cog qoob loo xyoob hauv Suav teb. Tam sim no, kaum hom xyoob tseem ceeb ua thiab siv cov khoom lag luam nyob hauv Suav teb suav nrog xyoob dag boards, xyoob flooring, xyoob ntoo, xyoob pulp thiab ntawv ua, xyoob fiber ntau cov khoom, xyoob rooj tog, xyoob cov khoom txhua hnub thiab cov khoom siv tes ua, xyoob charcoal thiab xyoob vinegar. , xyoob rho tawm thiab dej haus, cov khoom lag luam hauv qab xyoob hav zoov, thiab xyoob tourism thiab kev kho mob. Ntawm lawv, xyoob dag boards thiab engineering cov ntaub ntawv yog cov ncej ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam xyoob.
Yuav ua li cas los txhim kho xyoob kev lag luam saw nyob rau hauv lub dual carbon lub hom phiaj
Lub hom phiaj "dual carbon" txhais tau hais tias Tuam Tshoj siv zog ua kom tiav cov pa roj carbon ntau ua ntej 2030 thiab carbon neutrality ua ntej 2060. Tam sim no, Tuam Tshoj tau nce nws cov kev xav tau rau carbon emissions hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam thiab nquag tshawb nrhiav ntsuab, cov pa roj carbon tsawg, thiab kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Ntxiv nrog rau nws tus kheej cov txiaj ntsig zoo, xyoob kev lag luam tseem yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav nws lub peev xwm ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab nkag mus rau kev lag luam carbon.
(1) Xyoob hav zoov muaj ntau yam kev pab cuam carbon dab dej:
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no hauv Suav teb, thaj tsam ntawm xyoob hav zoov tau nce ntau hauv 50 xyoo dhau los. Los ntawm 2.4539 lab hectares nyob rau hauv 1950s thiab 1960s mus rau 4.8426 lab hectares nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 21st caug xyoo (tsis suav cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Taiwan), ib xyoo-rau-xyoo nce ntawm 97.34%. Thiab qhov feem ntawm xyoob hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws cheeb tsam hav zoov tau nce los ntawm 2.87% mus rau 2.96%. Xyoob hav zoov cov peev txheej tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov peev txheej hav zoov. Raws li 6th National Forest Resource Inventory, ntawm 4.8426 lab hectares ntawm xyoob hav zoov nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, muaj 3.372 lab hectares ntawm xyoob, nrog ze li ntawm 7.5 billion nroj tsuag, suav txog li 70% ntawm lub teb chaws xyoob hav zoov cheeb tsam.
(2) Qhov zoo ntawm xyoob hav zoov kab mob:
① Xyoob muaj lub voj voog loj hlob luv, muaj zog tawg, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob ntxiv thiab kev sau qoob loo txhua xyoo. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo siv thiab tsis muaj teeb meem xws li av yaig tom qab ua tiav kev txiav thiab cov av degradation tom qab cog tsis tu ncua. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo rau carbon sequestration. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias txhua xyoo cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov ntoo txheej ntawm xyoob hav zoov yog 5.097t / hm2 (tsis suav nrog txhua xyoo litter ntau lawm), uas yog 1.46 npaug ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Suav fir.
② Xyoob hav zoov muaj cov kev loj hlob yooj yim, muaj ntau hom kev loj hlob, kev faib ua ntu zus, thiab qhov chaw tsis tu ncua. Lawv muaj thaj chaw faib khoom loj thiab ntau yam, feem ntau faib rau hauv 17 lub xeev thiab nroog, nyob hauv Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, thiab Zhejiang. Lawv tuaj yeem ua raws li kev loj hlob sai thiab loj hauv cheeb tsam sib txawv, tsim cov qauv sib txawv thiab kaw cov pa roj carbon spatiotemporal thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide dynamic networks.
(3) Cov xwm txheej rau xyoob hav zoov carbon sequestration trading yog mature:
① Kev lag luam rov ua dua tshiab ntawm xyoob yog ua tiav
Kev lag luam xyoob spans thoob plaws hauv thawj, theem nrab, thiab tertiary industries, nrog rau nws cov nqi tso zis nce los ntawm 82 billion yuan nyob rau hauv 2010 mus rau 415.3 billion yuan nyob rau hauv 2022, nrog ib tug nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm ntau tshaj 30%. Nws cia siab tias los ntawm 2035, tus nqi tsim tawm ntawm xyoob kev lag luam yuav tshaj 1 trillion yuan. Tam sim no, xyoob tshiab kev lag luam saw hlau qauv kev tsim kho tshiab tau ua nyob rau hauv Anji County, Zhejiang Province, Suav teb, tsom mus rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb dual carbon dab dej kev koom ua ke los ntawm xwm thiab kev lag luam rau kev sib koom ua ke.
② Muaj feem cuam tshuam txoj cai
Tom qab tau tshaj tawm lub hom phiaj ntawm ob lub hom phiaj, Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm ntau txoj cai thiab kev xav los coj kev lag luam tag nrho hauv kev tswj hwm carbon neutrality. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 11, 2021, kaum lub tuam tsev suav nrog Lub Xeev Forestry thiab Grassland Administration, National Development thiab Reform Commission, thiab Ministry of Science thiab Technology tau tshaj tawm "Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Kaum Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Txhim Kho Tshiab ntawm Xyoob Kev Lag Luam". Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2, 2023, National Development thiab Reform Commission thiab lwm lub koom haum tau koom ua ke tshaj tawm "Peb Xyoo Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm kom nrawm rau kev txhim kho 'Hloov cov yas nrog xyoob'". Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xav txog kev txhawb nqa kev tsim kho xyoob kev lag luam tau muab tso rau hauv lwm lub xeev xws li Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, thiab lwm yam. Raws li kev koom ua ke thiab kev koom tes ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam siv, cov qauv kev lag luam tshiab ntawm cov ntawv lo thiab cov pa roj carbon hneev taw tau qhia. .
3, Yuav ua li cas xam cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm xyoob kev lag luam saw?
① Tshawb nrhiav kev nce qib ntawm cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm cov khoom xyoob
Tam sim no, muaj kev tshawb fawb me me ntawm cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm cov khoom xyoob ob qho tib si hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li kev tshawb fawb uas twb muaj lawm, qhov kawg ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide hloov thiab khaws cia muaj peev xwm ntawm xyoob sib txawv raws li kev siv sib txawv xws li kev nthuav tawm, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab kev sib koom ua ke, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon zaum kawg ntawm cov khoom xyoob.
② Cov txheej txheem carbon txheej txheem ntawm xyoob cov khoom thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej tag nrho
Tag nrho lub neej voj voog ntawm cov khoom xyoob, los ntawm xyoob kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob (photosynthesis), cultivation thiab tswj, sau, raw khoom cia, khoom ua thiab siv, pov tseg decomposition (decomposition), yog tiav. Cov pa roj carbon voj voog ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej muaj xws li tsib theem tseem ceeb: xyoob cog qoob loo (cog, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm), cov khoom siv raw (sau, kev thauj mus los, thiab khaws cia xyoob lossis xyoob tua), kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv (ntau yam txheej txheem thaum lub sij hawm. kev ua), kev muag khoom, siv, thiab pov tseg (decomposition), nrog rau cov pa roj carbon fixation, tsub zuj zuj, cia, sequestration, thiab ncaj qha los yog indirect carbon emissions nyob rau hauv txhua theem (saib daim duab 3).
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cog xyoob hav zoov tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov txuas ntawm "cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab khaws cia", cuam tshuam ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha carbon emissions los ntawm kev cog, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Cov khoom siv raw khoom yog kev sib txuas ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide txuas rau kev lag luam hav zoov thiab cov khoom lag luam xyoob ua lag luam, thiab tseem cuam tshuam ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha cov pa roj carbon emissions thaum lub sij hawm sau, thawj zaug, kev thauj mus los, thiab khaws cia xyoob lossis xyoob tua.
Kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv yog cov txheej txheem carbon sequestration, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev kho cov pa roj carbon ntev ntev hauv cov khoom, nrog rau cov pa roj carbon monoxide ncaj qha los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem xws li kev ua haujlwm, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv.
Tom qab cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv cov neeg siv khoom siv, cov pa roj carbon monoxide tau ruaj khov rau hauv cov khoom siv xyoob xws li rooj tog zaum, cov tsev, cov khoom siv niaj hnub, cov khoom siv ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Raws li kev pab cuam lub neej nce, kev coj ua ntawm carbon sequestration yuav txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum muab pov tseg, decomposing thiab tso CO2, thiab rov qab mus rau qhov chaw.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Zhou Pengfei et al. (2014), xyoob txiav boards nyob rau hauv lub unfolding hom ntawm xyoob raug coj raws li cov khoom tshawb fawb, thiab "Kev ntsuam xyuas Specification rau Greenhouse Gas Emissions ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub neej voj voog" (PAS 2050: 2008) tau txais raws li tus qauv ntsuam xyuas. . Xaiv txoj kev ntsuam xyuas B2B los ntsuas cov pa roj carbon dioxide emissions thiab cov pa roj carbon cia ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, suav nrog kev thauj mus los raw khoom, kev tsim khoom, ntim khoom, thiab warehouses (saib daim duab 4). PAS2050 qhia tias kev ntsuas cov pa roj carbon hneev taw yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom siv raw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv theem pib ntawm cov pa roj carbon emissions thiab carbon hloov los ntawm cov khoom siv raw, ntau lawm mus rau kev faib tawm (B2B) ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes xyoob txiav boards yuav tsum raug ntsuas kom raug ntsuas qhov loj ntawm carbon footprint.
Lub moj khaum rau kev ntsuas cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntawm cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej tag nrho
Kev sau thiab ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim rau txhua theem ntawm xyoob khoom lifecycle yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsom xam lifecycle. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb suav nrog kev ua haujlwm hauv av, kev siv dej, kev siv lub zog sib txawv (coal, roj, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam), kev siv ntau yam khoom siv raw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm thiab lub zog ntws. Ua cov pa roj carbon hneev taw ntsuas cov khoom xyoob thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej los ntawm kev sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntsuas.
(1) Xyoob hav zoov cultivation theem
Cov pa roj carbon nqus thiab tsub zuj zuj: sprouting, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, tus naj npawb ntawm cov xyoob tshiab;
Carbon cia: xyoob hav zoov qauv, xyoob sawv kev kawm ntawv, hnub nyoog qauv, biomass ntawm ntau yam kabmob; Biomass ntawm litter txheej; Av organic carbon khaws cia;
Cov pa roj carbon emissions: carbon cia, lub sij hawm decomposition, thiab tso cov khib nyiab; Av pa carbon emissions; Cov pa roj carbon emissions tsim los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab siv cov khoom siv xws li kev ua haujlwm, lub zog, dej thiab chiv rau cog, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev ua lag luam.
(2) Raw khoom theem tsim
Hloov pauv cov pa roj carbon monoxide: sau ntim lossis xyoob tua ntim thiab lawv cov biomass;
Cov pa roj carbon rov qab: residue los ntawm kev txiav ntoo lossis xyoob ntoo, thawj cov khoom seem, thiab lawv cov biomass;
Cov pa roj carbon emissions: Tus nqi ntawm cov pa roj carbon emissions tsim los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab cov khoom siv, xws li kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog, thaum lub sij hawm sau, kev pib ua haujlwm, kev thauj mus los, kev khaws cia, thiab kev siv cov xyoob lossis xyoob ntoo.
(3) Kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv theem
Carbon sequestration: biomass ntawm xyoob khoom thiab by-products;
Cov pa roj carbon rov qab los yog khaws cia: ua cov khoom seem thiab lawv cov biomass;
Cov pa roj carbon emissions: Cov pa roj carbon emissions tsim los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud xws li kev ua haujlwm, lub zog, cov khoom siv, thiab cov khoom siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv.
(4) Kev muag khoom thiab kev siv theem
Carbon sequestration: biomass ntawm xyoob khoom thiab by-products;
Cov pa roj carbon emissions: Cov pa roj carbon emissions tsim los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud xws li kev thauj mus los thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab mus rau kev muag khoom.
(5) Kev pov tseg theem
Cov pa roj carbon tso tawm: Cov pa roj carbon khaws cov khoom pov tseg; Lub sijhawm decomposition thiab tso tawm tus nqi.
Tsis zoo li lwm cov kev lag luam hauv hav zoov, xyoob hav zoov ua tiav nws tus kheej rov ua dua tshiab tom qab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv, tsis tas yuav muaj kev rov ua dua tshiab. Xyoob hav zoov kev loj hlob yog nyob rau hauv ib tug dynamic tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm kev loj hlob thiab muaj peev xwm tsis tu ncua nqus cov pa roj carbon monoxide, sau thiab khaws cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho carbon sequestration. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom siv xyoob siv rau hauv cov khoom xyoob tsis loj, thiab cov pa roj carbon sequestration ntev tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov khoom xyoob.
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev ntsuas cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntawm cov khoom xyoob hauv lawv lub neej tag nrho. Vim lub sij hawm ntev carbon emissions thaum lub sij hawm muag, siv, thiab pov tseg theem ntawm cov khoom xyoob, lawv cov pa roj carbon hneev taw yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ntsuas. Hauv kev xyaum, kev ntsuam xyuas cov pa roj carbon hneev taw feem ntau tsom rau ob theem: ib qho yog ntsuas cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab emissions hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom los ntawm raw khoom mus rau cov khoom; Qhov thib ob yog los soj ntsuam cov khoom xyoob los ntawm kev cog rau kev tsim khoom
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Sep-17-2024
