●Cov txheej txheem ua ntawv xyoob pulp
Txij li thaum muaj kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab kev siv xyoob ua tiav, ntau cov txheej txheem tshiab, thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom lag luam rau kev ua xyoob tau tshwm sim ib qho tom qab ib qho, uas tau txhim kho qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv xyoob. Kev txhim kho ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev siv tshuab pulping tau tawg los ntawm txoj kev siv tes ib txwm muaj thiab tab tom hloov mus rau tus qauv tsim khoom lag luam thiab kev lag luam. Cov txheej txheem tsim xyoob pulp nrov tam sim no yog tshuab, tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg tshuab. Tuam Tshoj xyoob pulp feem ntau yog tshuaj lom neeg, suav txog li 70%; tshuaj lom neeg tshuab yog tsawg dua, tsawg dua 30%; kev siv cov txheej txheem tshuab los tsim xyoob pulp yog txwv rau theem sim, thiab tsis muaj daim ntawv qhia kev lag luam loj.
1. Txoj kev siv tshuab pulping
Txoj kev siv tshuab pulping yog siv cov txheej txheem tshuab zom xyoob ua cov fibers yam tsis ntxiv cov tshuaj lom neeg. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua qias tuaj tsawg, tus nqi pulping siab thiab cov txheej txheem yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ua qias tuaj ntau ntxiv thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv ntoo pulp hauv lub tebchaws, cov khoom siv xyoob pulp tau maj mam tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm tib neeg.
Txawm hais tias kev siv tshuab pulping muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua pulping siab thiab kev ua qias tuaj tsawg, nws siv dav hauv kev lag luam pulping thiab papermaking ntawm cov ntaub ntawv coniferous xws li spruce. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm lignin, tshauv, thiab 1% NAOH extract hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm xyoob, qhov zoo ntawm pulp tsis zoo thiab nws nyuaj rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau zoo ntawm cov ntawv lag luam. Daim ntawv thov kev lag luam tsis tshua muaj thiab feem ntau yog nyob rau theem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab.
2. Txoj kev siv tshuaj lom neeg los ua pulping
Txoj kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping siv xyoob ua cov khoom siv raw thiab siv txoj kev sulfate lossis sulfite los ua xyoob pulp. Cov khoom siv xyoob raw yog tshuaj ntsuam, ntxuav, qhuav dej, siav, causticized, lim, ntxuav tam sim ntawd, kaw kev tshuaj ntsuam, oxygen delignification, bleaching thiab lwm yam txheej txheem los ua xyoob pulp. Txoj kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov fiber thiab txhim kho qhov nrawm pulping. Cov pulp tau txais yog qhov zoo, huv si thiab mos, yooj yim bleach, thiab tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov ntawv sau zoo thiab ntawv luam ntawv.
Vim yog qhov tshem tawm ntau ntawm lignin, tshauv thiab ntau yam extracts hauv cov txheej txheem pulping ntawm cov tshuaj pulping txoj kev, qhov pulping tus nqi ntawm xyoob pulping yog qis, feem ntau 45% ~ 55%.
3. Kev Siv Tshuaj Lom Neeg Kho Tshuab Pulping
Kev Siv Tshuaj Lom Zem Pulping yog ib txoj kev siv tshuaj lom neeg los ua pulping uas siv xyoob ua cov khoom siv raw thiab muab qee yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg los ua pulping thiab kev siv tshuab los ua pulping. Kev Siv Tshuaj Lom Zem Pulping suav nrog txoj kev semi-chemical, txoj kev siv tshuaj lom neeg los ua pulping thiab txoj kev siv tshuaj lom neeg los ua thermomechanical.
Rau kev ua cov xyoob pulping thiab ua ntawv, qhov nrawm ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping siab dua li ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping, uas feem ntau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 72% ~ 75%; qhov zoo ntawm cov pulp tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping siab dua li ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping, uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau dav dav ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv lag luam. Tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm kev rov qab alkali thiab kev kho dej phwj kuj yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping thiab kev siv tshuaj lom neeg pulping.
▲ Kab Ntau Lawm Pulping Xyoob
●Cov Khoom Siv Ua Ntawv Xyoob
Cov khoom siv ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov kab ua ntawv xyoob yog qhov zoo ib yam li cov kab tsim ntoo. Qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv ua ntawv xyoob yog nyob rau hauv cov ntu npaj xws li kev txiav, ntxuav thiab ua noj.
Vim tias xyoob muaj cov qauv hollow, cov khoom siv txiav txawv ntawm cov ntoo. Cov khoom siv txiav xyoob feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuab txiav xyoob roller, cov tshuab txiav xyoob disc thiab cov tshuab txiav nruas. Cov tshuab txiav xyoob roller thiab cov tshuab txiav xyoob disc muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis qhov zoo ntawm cov xyoob chips ua tiav (cov duab xyoob chip) tsis zoo npaum li cov tshuab txiav nruas. Cov neeg siv tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom siv txiav (flake) raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm xyoob pulp thiab tus nqi tsim khoom. Rau cov nroj tsuag xyoob pulp me thiab nruab nrab (tso zis <100,000 t / a), cov khoom siv txiav xyoob hauv tsev txaus kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntau lawm; rau cov nroj tsuag xyoob pulp loj (tso zis ≥100,000 t / a), cov khoom siv txiav loj thoob ntiaj teb tuaj yeem xaiv tau.
Cov khoom siv ntxuav xyoob siv los tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv, thiab ntau yam khoom patent tau tshaj tawm hauv Suav teb. Feem ntau, siv cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws nqus tsev, cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws siab thiab cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws siv. Cov lag luam nruab nrab thiab loj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ob chav tshiab lossis cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws muaj zog.
Cov khoom siv ua noj ua haus xyoob yog siv rau kev ua kom xyoob mos thiab sib cais cov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab siv cov lauj kaub ua noj ntsug lossis cov lauj kaub ua noj ua haus kab rov tav. Cov lag luam loj tuaj yeem siv Camille cov lauj kaub ua noj ua haus nrog kev ntxuav diffusion los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov pulp kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv raws li, tab sis nws yuav ua rau tus nqi peev ib zaug ntxiv.
1. Kev ua ntawv xyoob pulp muaj peev xwm zoo heev
Raws li kev tshawb fawb txog Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv xyoob thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tsim nyog ntawm xyoob nws tus kheej rau kev ua ntawv, kev txhim kho kev lag luam xyoob pulping tsis tsuas yog tuaj yeem txo qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv ntoo nruj hauv Tuam Tshoj kev lag luam ntawv, tab sis kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los hloov cov qauv khoom siv raw ntawm kev lag luam ua ntawv thiab txo kev vam khom rau cov ntoo chips xa tuaj. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshuaj xyuas tias tus nqi ntawm xyoob pulp ib chav tsev yog kwv yees li 30% qis dua li ntawm ntoo thuv, spruce, eucalyptus, thiab lwm yam, thiab qhov zoo ntawm xyoob pulp yog sib npaug rau ntawm ntoo pulp.
2. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntoo thiab daim ntawv yog ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho
Vim yog qhov zoo ntawm xyoob uas loj hlob sai thiab rov ua dua tshiab, kev txhawb nqa kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov hav zoov xyoob tshwj xeeb uas loj hlob sai thiab tsim kom muaj lub hauv paus tsim cov xyoob uas sib xyaw ua ke hav zoov thiab ntawv yuav dhau los ua kev taw qhia rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam pulp thiab ntawv ntawm Tuam Tshoj, txo kev vam khom rau cov ntoo chips thiab pulp uas xa tuaj, thiab txhim kho kev lag luam hauv tebchaws.
3. Cov khoom siv ua los ntawm xyoob pawg muaj peev xwm loj hlob zoo heev
Hauv kev lag luam ua xyoob tam sim no, ntau dua 90% ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog ua los ntawm moso xyoob (Phoebe nanmu), uas feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho. Kev ua ntawv xyoob pulp kuj tseem siv moso xyoob (Phoebe nanmu) thiab cycad xyoob ua cov khoom siv raw, uas tsim cov xwm txheej sib tw raw khoom thiab tsis zoo rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Raws li cov hom xyoob nyoos uas twb muaj lawm, kev lag luam ua ntawv xyoob pulp yuav tsum tsim ntau hom xyoob rau kev siv cov khoom siv raw, siv tag nrho cov xyoob cycad pheej yig, xyoob zaj loj, xyoob phoenix tail, dendrocalamus latiflorus thiab lwm yam xyoob clumping rau pulping thiab papermaking, thiab txhim kho kev sib tw ua lag luam.
▲ Cov xyoob sib sau ua ke siv tau ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv pulp
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-04-2024
